Combatting Pet Obesity: Risks, Causes & Solutions

Pet obesity is a widespread issue, with 58% of U.S. cats and 54% of dogs classified as overweight or obese in 2015, yet many owners fail to recognize it. Clinically, obesity is defined as weighing 30% above ideal, though this can vary. Recognizing the problem involves checking for a tapered waist, feeling ribs and pelvis, and noting the absence of excess fat on the abdomen, hips, and neck.

The risks associated with excess weight in pets are severe, mirroring human health problems and significantly shortening lifespan. Common conditions include arthritis (the most prevalent in dogs, with claims rising 350%), bladder and urinary tract disease (most common in cats), liver disease, diabetes, low thyroid, torn knee ligaments, and heart failure. Cats also face risks like asthma and high blood pressure, while rapid weight loss can dangerously lead to hepatic lipidosis. Factors contributing to obesity include overfeeding, feeding high-carbohydrate “diet” foods, lack of exercise, age, and neutering. Certain breeds like Labrador Retrievers and Golden Retrievers are also more predisposed.

Preventing and managing pet obesity requires a two-pronged approach: diet and exercise. Daily physical activity, including at least 20 minutes of rigorous aerobic exercise, is crucial for burning fat and building muscle. Nutritionally, pets benefit from a balanced, species-appropriate diet that is high in animal protein and moisture, with low or no grain content. Many “diet” pet foods are counterintuitively high in starches, which convert to fat. Strict portion control for carefully measured morning and evening meals is essential, factoring in all treat calories. For cats, slow and gradual weight loss is vital to prevent dangerous liver complications. Prioritizing these strategies can vastly improve a pet's health and longevity.

(Source: https://www.barkandwhiskers.com/2016-05-21-nl-overweight-pets-risks/)